Dot-Net
控制應用程序的音量：按程序 ID
我需要控制特定應用程序產生的音頻的音量。我在這裡找到了 Simon 對類似問題的簡單而整潔的答案，但它通過 Display-Name 列舉音頻生成應用程序，對於某些應用程序來說，它是空的，因此不能用於檢測目標應用程序（其音量是受控）。
因此，我正在尋找一個非常相似的解決方案，列舉音頻播放應用程序的程序 ID，通過它我可以檢測應用程序的實際名稱（程序名稱和主視窗標題）。
我正在使用適用於 Windows 7 的 VB.Net 2010。
這是一組實用 C# 類，可讓您獲取有關音頻設備和音頻會話的資訊，包括程序資訊。它們使用Windows Core Audio Library，並且僅適用於 Windows 7 或更高版本：
// sample program class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // dump all audio devices foreach (AudioDevice device in AudioUtilities.GetAllDevices()) { Console.WriteLine(device.FriendlyName); } // dump all audio sessions foreach (AudioSession session in AudioUtilities.GetAllSessions()) { if (session.Process != null) { // only the one associated with a defined process Console.WriteLine(session.Process.ProcessName); } } } } // audio utilities public static class AudioUtilities { private static IAudioSessionManager2 GetAudioSessionManager() { IMMDevice speakers = GetSpeakers(); if (speakers == null) return null; // win7+ only object o; if (speakers.Activate(typeof(IAudioSessionManager2).GUID, CLSCTX.CLSCTX_ALL, IntPtr.Zero, out o) != 0 || o == null) return null; return o as IAudioSessionManager2; } public static AudioDevice GetSpeakersDevice() { return CreateDevice(GetSpeakers()); } private static AudioDevice CreateDevice(IMMDevice dev) { if (dev == null) return null; string id; dev.GetId(out id); DEVICE_STATE state; dev.GetState(out state); Dictionary<string, object> properties = new Dictionary<string, object>(); IPropertyStore store; dev.OpenPropertyStore(STGM.STGM_READ, out store); if (store != null) { int propCount; store.GetCount(out propCount); for (int j = 0; j < propCount; j++) { PROPERTYKEY pk; if (store.GetAt(j, out pk) == 0) { PROPVARIANT value = new PROPVARIANT(); int hr = store.GetValue(ref pk, ref value); object v = value.GetValue(); try { if (value.vt != VARTYPE.VT_BLOB) // for some reason, this fails? { PropVariantClear(ref value); } } catch { } string name = pk.ToString(); properties[name] = v; } } } return new AudioDevice(id, (AudioDeviceState)state, properties); } public static IList<AudioDevice> GetAllDevices() { List<AudioDevice> list = new List<AudioDevice>(); IMMDeviceEnumerator deviceEnumerator = null; try { deviceEnumerator = (IMMDeviceEnumerator)(new MMDeviceEnumerator()); } catch { } if (deviceEnumerator == null) return list; IMMDeviceCollection collection; deviceEnumerator.EnumAudioEndpoints(EDataFlow.eAll, DEVICE_STATE.MASK_ALL, out collection); if (collection == null) return list; int count; collection.GetCount(out count); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { IMMDevice dev; collection.Item(i, out dev); if (dev != null) { list.Add(CreateDevice(dev)); } } return list; } private static IMMDevice GetSpeakers() { // get the speakers (1st render + multimedia) device try { IMMDeviceEnumerator deviceEnumerator = (IMMDeviceEnumerator)(new MMDeviceEnumerator()); IMMDevice speakers; deviceEnumerator.GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(EDataFlow.eRender, ERole.eMultimedia, out speakers); return speakers; } catch { return null; } } public static IList<AudioSession> GetAllSessions() { List<AudioSession> list = new List<AudioSession>(); IAudioSessionManager2 mgr = GetAudioSessionManager(); if (mgr == null) return list; IAudioSessionEnumerator sessionEnumerator; mgr.GetSessionEnumerator(out sessionEnumerator); int count; sessionEnumerator.GetCount(out count); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { IAudioSessionControl ctl; sessionEnumerator.GetSession(i, out ctl); if (ctl == null) continue; IAudioSessionControl2 ctl2 = ctl as IAudioSessionControl2; if (ctl2 != null) { list.Add(new AudioSession(ctl2)); } } Marshal.ReleaseComObject(sessionEnumerator); Marshal.ReleaseComObject(mgr); return list; } public static AudioSession GetProcessSession() { int id = Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id; foreach (AudioSession session in GetAllSessions()) { if (session.ProcessId == id) return session; session.Dispose(); } return null; } [DllImport("ole32.dll")] private static extern int PropVariantClear(ref PROPVARIANT pvar); [ComImport] [Guid("BCDE0395-E52F-467C-8E3D-C4579291692E")] private class MMDeviceEnumerator { } [Flags] private enum CLSCTX { CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER = 0x1, CLSCTX_INPROC_HANDLER = 0x2, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER = 0x4, CLSCTX_REMOTE_SERVER = 0x10, CLSCTX_ALL = CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER | CLSCTX_INPROC_HANDLER | CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER | CLSCTX_REMOTE_SERVER } private enum STGM { STGM_READ = 0x00000000, } private enum EDataFlow { eRender, eCapture, eAll, } private enum ERole { eConsole, eMultimedia, eCommunications, } private enum DEVICE_STATE { ACTIVE = 0x00000001, DISABLED = 0x00000002, NOTPRESENT = 0x00000004, UNPLUGGED = 0x00000008, MASK_ALL = 0x0000000F } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct PROPERTYKEY { public Guid fmtid; public int pid; public override string ToString() { return fmtid.ToString("B") + " " + pid; } } // NOTE: we only define what we handle [Flags] private enum VARTYPE : short { VT_I4 = 3, VT_BOOL = 11, VT_UI4 = 19, VT_LPWSTR = 31, VT_BLOB = 65, VT_CLSID = 72, } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct PROPVARIANT { public VARTYPE vt; public ushort wReserved1; public ushort wReserved2; public ushort wReserved3; public PROPVARIANTunion union; public object GetValue() { switch (vt) { case VARTYPE.VT_BOOL: return union.boolVal != 0; case VARTYPE.VT_LPWSTR: return Marshal.PtrToStringUni(union.pwszVal); case VARTYPE.VT_UI4: return union.lVal; case VARTYPE.VT_CLSID: return (Guid)Marshal.PtrToStructure(union.puuid, typeof(Guid)); default: return vt.ToString() + ":?"; } } } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)] private struct PROPVARIANTunion { [FieldOffset(0)] public int lVal; [FieldOffset(0)] public ulong uhVal; [FieldOffset(0)] public short boolVal; [FieldOffset(0)] public IntPtr pwszVal; [FieldOffset(0)] public IntPtr puuid; } [Guid("A95664D2-9614-4F35-A746-DE8DB63617E6"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IMMDeviceEnumerator { [PreserveSig] int EnumAudioEndpoints(EDataFlow dataFlow, DEVICE_STATE dwStateMask, out IMMDeviceCollection ppDevices); [PreserveSig] int GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(EDataFlow dataFlow, ERole role, out IMMDevice ppEndpoint); [PreserveSig] int GetDevice([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwstrId, out IMMDevice ppDevice); [PreserveSig] int RegisterEndpointNotificationCallback(IMMNotificationClient pClient); [PreserveSig] int UnregisterEndpointNotificationCallback(IMMNotificationClient pClient); } [Guid("7991EEC9-7E89-4D85-8390-6C703CEC60C0"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IMMNotificationClient { void OnDeviceStateChanged([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwstrDeviceId, DEVICE_STATE dwNewState); void OnDeviceAdded([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwstrDeviceId); void OnDeviceRemoved([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string deviceId); void OnDefaultDeviceChanged(EDataFlow flow, ERole role, string pwstrDefaultDeviceId); void OnPropertyValueChanged([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwstrDeviceId, PROPERTYKEY key); } [Guid("0BD7A1BE-7A1A-44DB-8397-CC5392387B5E"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IMMDeviceCollection { [PreserveSig] int GetCount(out int pcDevices); [PreserveSig] int Item(int nDevice, out IMMDevice ppDevice); } [Guid("D666063F-1587-4E43-81F1-B948E807363F"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IMMDevice { [PreserveSig] int Activate([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid riid, CLSCTX dwClsCtx, IntPtr pActivationParams, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.IUnknown)] out object ppInterface); [PreserveSig] int OpenPropertyStore(STGM stgmAccess, out IPropertyStore ppProperties); [PreserveSig] int GetId([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string ppstrId); [PreserveSig] int GetState(out DEVICE_STATE pdwState); } [Guid("6f79d558-3e96-4549-a1d1-7d75d2288814"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IPropertyDescription { [PreserveSig] int GetPropertyKey(out PROPERTYKEY pkey); [PreserveSig] int GetCanonicalName(out IntPtr ppszName); [PreserveSig] int GetPropertyType(out short pvartype); [PreserveSig] int GetDisplayName(out IntPtr ppszName); // WARNING: the rest is undefined. you *can't* implement it, only use it. } [Guid("886d8eeb-8cf2-4446-8d02-cdba1dbdcf99"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IPropertyStore { [PreserveSig] int GetCount(out int cProps); [PreserveSig] int GetAt(int iProp, out PROPERTYKEY pkey); [PreserveSig] int GetValue(ref PROPERTYKEY key, ref PROPVARIANT pv); [PreserveSig] int SetValue(ref PROPERTYKEY key, ref PROPVARIANT propvar); [PreserveSig] int Commit(); } [Guid("BFA971F1-4D5E-40BB-935E-967039BFBEE4"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IAudioSessionManager { [PreserveSig] int GetAudioSessionControl([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid AudioSessionGuid, int StreamFlags, out IAudioSessionControl SessionControl); [PreserveSig] int GetSimpleAudioVolume([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid AudioSessionGuid, int StreamFlags, ISimpleAudioVolume AudioVolume); } [Guid("77AA99A0-1BD6-484F-8BC7-2C654C9A9B6F"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IAudioSessionManager2 { [PreserveSig] int GetAudioSessionControl([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid AudioSessionGuid, int StreamFlags, out IAudioSessionControl SessionControl); [PreserveSig] int GetSimpleAudioVolume([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid AudioSessionGuid, int StreamFlags, ISimpleAudioVolume AudioVolume); [PreserveSig] int GetSessionEnumerator(out IAudioSessionEnumerator SessionEnum); [PreserveSig] int RegisterSessionNotification(IAudioSessionNotification SessionNotification); [PreserveSig] int UnregisterSessionNotification(IAudioSessionNotification SessionNotification); int RegisterDuckNotificationNotImpl(); int UnregisterDuckNotificationNotImpl(); } [Guid("641DD20B-4D41-49CC-ABA3-174B9477BB08"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IAudioSessionNotification { void OnSessionCreated(IAudioSessionControl NewSession); } [Guid("E2F5BB11-0570-40CA-ACDD-3AA01277DEE8"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface IAudioSessionEnumerator { [PreserveSig] int GetCount(out int SessionCount); [PreserveSig] int GetSession(int SessionCount, out IAudioSessionControl Session); } [Guid("bfb7ff88-7239-4fc9-8fa2-07c950be9c6d"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] internal interface IAudioSessionControl2 { // IAudioSessionControl [PreserveSig] int GetState(out AudioSessionState pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int GetDisplayName([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int SetDisplayName([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]string Value, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); [PreserveSig] int GetIconPath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int SetIconPath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string Value, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); [PreserveSig] int GetGroupingParam(out Guid pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int SetGroupingParam([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid Override, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); [PreserveSig] int RegisterAudioSessionNotification(IAudioSessionEvents NewNotifications); [PreserveSig] int UnregisterAudioSessionNotification(IAudioSessionEvents NewNotifications); // IAudioSessionControl2 [PreserveSig] int GetSessionIdentifier([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int GetSessionInstanceIdentifier([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int GetProcessId(out int pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int IsSystemSoundsSession(); [PreserveSig] int SetDuckingPreference(bool optOut); } [Guid("F4B1A599-7266-4319-A8CA-E70ACB11E8CD"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] internal interface IAudioSessionControl { [PreserveSig] int GetState(out AudioSessionState pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int GetDisplayName([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int SetDisplayName([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]string Value, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); [PreserveSig] int GetIconPath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] out string pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int SetIconPath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string Value, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); [PreserveSig] int GetGroupingParam(out Guid pRetVal); [PreserveSig] int SetGroupingParam([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid Override, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); [PreserveSig] int RegisterAudioSessionNotification(IAudioSessionEvents NewNotifications); [PreserveSig] int UnregisterAudioSessionNotification(IAudioSessionEvents NewNotifications); } [Guid("24918ACC-64B3-37C1-8CA9-74A66E9957A8"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] internal interface IAudioSessionEvents { void OnDisplayNameChanged([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string NewDisplayName, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); void OnIconPathChanged([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string NewIconPath, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); void OnSimpleVolumeChanged(float NewVolume, bool NewMute, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); void OnChannelVolumeChanged(int ChannelCount, IntPtr NewChannelVolumeArray, int ChangedChannel, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); void OnGroupingParamChanged([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid NewGroupingParam, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); void OnStateChanged(AudioSessionState NewState); void OnSessionDisconnected(AudioSessionDisconnectReason DisconnectReason); } [Guid("87CE5498-68D6-44E5-9215-6DA47EF883D8"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] private interface ISimpleAudioVolume { [PreserveSig] int SetMasterVolume(float fLevel, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); [PreserveSig] int GetMasterVolume(out float pfLevel); [PreserveSig] int SetMute(bool bMute, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid EventContext); [PreserveSig] int GetMute(out bool pbMute); } } public sealed class AudioSession : IDisposable { private AudioUtilities.IAudioSessionControl2 _ctl; private Process _process; internal AudioSession(AudioUtilities.IAudioSessionControl2 ctl) { _ctl = ctl; } public Process Process { get { if (_process == null && ProcessId != 0) { try { _process = Process.GetProcessById(ProcessId); } catch { // do nothing } } return _process; } } public int ProcessId { get { CheckDisposed(); int i; _ctl.GetProcessId(out i); return i; } } public string Identifier { get { CheckDisposed(); string s; _ctl.GetSessionIdentifier(out s); return s; } } public string InstanceIdentifier { get { CheckDisposed(); string s; _ctl.GetSessionInstanceIdentifier(out s); return s; } } public AudioSessionState State { get { CheckDisposed(); AudioSessionState s; _ctl.GetState(out s); return s; } } public Guid GroupingParam { get { CheckDisposed(); Guid g; _ctl.GetGroupingParam(out g); return g; } set { CheckDisposed(); _ctl.SetGroupingParam(value, Guid.Empty); } } public string DisplayName { get { CheckDisposed(); string s; _ctl.GetDisplayName(out s); return s; } set { CheckDisposed(); string s; _ctl.GetDisplayName(out s); if (s != value) { _ctl.SetDisplayName(value, Guid.Empty); } } } public string IconPath { get { CheckDisposed(); string s; _ctl.GetIconPath(out s); return s; } set { CheckDisposed(); string s; _ctl.GetIconPath(out s); if (s != value) { _ctl.SetIconPath(value, Guid.Empty); } } } private void CheckDisposed() { if (_ctl == null) throw new ObjectDisposedException("Control"); } public override string ToString() { string s = DisplayName; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(s)) return "DisplayName: " + s; if (Process != null) return "Process: " + Process.ProcessName; return "Pid: " + ProcessId; } public void Dispose() { if (_ctl != null) { Marshal.ReleaseComObject(_ctl); _ctl = null; } } } public sealed class AudioDevice { internal AudioDevice(string id, AudioDeviceState state, IDictionary<string, object> properties) { Id = id; State = state; Properties = properties; } public string Id { get; private set; } public AudioDeviceState State { get; private set; } public IDictionary<string, object> Properties { get; private set; } public string Description { get { const string PKEY_Device_DeviceDesc = "{a45c254e-df1c-4efd-8020-67d146a850e0} 2"; object value; Properties.TryGetValue(PKEY_Device_DeviceDesc, out value); return string.Format("{0}", value); } } public string ContainerId { get { const string PKEY_Devices_ContainerId = "{8c7ed206-3f8a-4827-b3ab-ae9e1faefc6c} 2"; object value; Properties.TryGetValue(PKEY_Devices_ContainerId, out value); return string.Format("{0}", value); } } public string EnumeratorName { get { const string PKEY_Device_EnumeratorName = "{a45c254e-df1c-4efd-8020-67d146a850e0} 24"; object value; Properties.TryGetValue(PKEY_Device_EnumeratorName, out value); return string.Format("{0}", value); } } public string InterfaceFriendlyName { get { const string DEVPKEY_DeviceInterface_FriendlyName = "{026e516e-b814-414b-83cd-856d6fef4822} 2"; object value; Properties.TryGetValue(DEVPKEY_DeviceInterface_FriendlyName, out value); return string.Format("{0}", value); } } public string FriendlyName { get { const string DEVPKEY_Device_FriendlyName = "{a45c254e-df1c-4efd-8020-67d146a850e0} 14"; object value; Properties.TryGetValue(DEVPKEY_Device_FriendlyName, out value); return string.Format("{0}", value); } } public string IconPath { get { const string DEVPKEY_DeviceClass_IconPath = "{259abffc-50a7-47ce-af08-68c9a7d73366} 12"; object value; Properties.TryGetValue(DEVPKEY_DeviceClass_IconPath, out value); return string.Format("{0}", value); } } public override string ToString() { return FriendlyName; } } public enum AudioSessionState { Inactive = 0, Active = 1, Expired = 2 } public enum AudioDeviceState { Active = 0x1, Disabled = 0x2, NotPresent = 0x4, Unplugged = 0x8, } public enum AudioSessionDisconnectReason { DisconnectReasonDeviceRemoval = 0, DisconnectReasonServerShutdown = 1, DisconnectReasonFormatChanged = 2, DisconnectReasonSessionLogoff = 3, DisconnectReasonSessionDisconnected = 4, DisconnectReasonExclusiveModeOverride = 5 }